Understanding Inguinal Hernias: Causes, Symptoms, and Surgical Options

Inguinal hernias are among the most common types of hernias, particularly affecting men. They occur when a portion of the intestine or abdominal tissue protrudes through a weakened area in the lower abdominal wall, often near the inguinal canal. While some inguinal hernias may cause minimal discomfort initially, they can enlarge over time and lead to serious complications if left untreated.

This guide explores the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for inguinal hernias, especially the benefits of surgical repair using minimally invasive techniques.

What Causes an Inguinal Hernia?

Inguinal hernias develop when the muscles of the abdominal wall weaken or experience increased pressure, allowing internal tissue to push through.

• Congenital defects: Some people are born with a weakness in the abdominal wall that makes them more susceptible to hernias.
• Chronic straining: Straining from heavy lifting, persistent coughing, or constipation increases pressure inside the abdomen.
• Aging: Muscle strength naturally decreases with age, making older adults more vulnerable to hernias.
• Obesity: Excess body weight adds pressure on the abdominal muscles, contributing to hernia formation.
• Previous surgeries: Surgical incisions or scar tissue may weaken the abdominal wall, allowing hernias to develop.

Men are significantly more likely to develop inguinal hernias than women, due to anatomical differences and the presence of the spermatic cord passing through the inguinal canal.

Recognizing the Symptoms of an Inguinal Hernia

Symptoms of an inguinal hernia can range from mild to severe and may include:

• A noticeable bulge on one or both sides of the groin, which becomes more prominent when standing or straining
• Discomfort, heaviness, or aching in the groin area
• Pain when coughing, bending over, or lifting heavy objects
• Burning or pressure in the groin
• Swelling around the testicles in men, if the hernia descends into the scrotum

In some cases, the hernia may be reducible—meaning it can be gently pushed back into the abdomen. However, a strangulated hernia (where blood supply is cut off) is a medical emergency and may present with:

• Sudden, intense groin pain
• Redness or discoloration of the bulge
• Fever or nausea
• Inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement

If these symptoms occur, immediate surgical attention is required.

How Inguinal Hernias Are Diagnosed

A diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination. During the exam, the surgeon may ask you to stand and cough to make the hernia more visible. Imaging studies, such as an ultrasound or CT scan, may be used to confirm the diagnosis or assess the hernia’s size and contents.

Treatment Options for Inguinal Hernias

While small, asymptomatic hernias may be monitored, surgery is the definitive treatment for inguinal hernias. Surgical repair is recommended for:

• Persistent pain or discomfort
• Rapidly enlarging hernia
• Impairment in daily activities
• Risk of complications like incarceration or strangulation

Surgical Approaches

There are two main types of hernia repair surgery:

• Open hernia repair: A single incision is made in the groin to push the protruding tissue back and reinforce the abdominal wall with mesh.
• Laparoscopic or robotic-assisted repair: Multiple small incisions are used to insert a camera and instruments. The hernia is repaired from inside the abdomen using mesh reinforcement.

Minimally invasive techniques offer several advantages:

• Smaller incisions and less scarring
• Reduced postoperative pain
• Shorter recovery time and faster return to normal activities
• Lower risk of infection and complications

Your surgeon will determine the best approach based on your medical history, the size and type of hernia, and overall health.

Recovery After Inguinal Hernia Surgery

Most patients recover quickly after minimally invasive hernia repair. Common post-op recommendations include:

• Light activity within a few days
• Avoiding heavy lifting for 4–6 weeks
• Using over-the-counter or prescribed pain medication as needed
• Monitoring for signs of infection or recurrence

Follow-up appointments help ensure proper healing and assess for any complications.

Conclusion: Don’t Ignore the Signs of a Hernia

Inguinal hernias are common and often manageable, but they do not resolve on their own. If you suspect you have a hernia, it’s essential to seek evaluation from an experienced general surgeon. With today’s advanced surgical options, most patients experience excellent outcomes and can return to their daily routines with confidence and comfort.

Contact Information

LENOX HILL MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY LLP
155 East 76th Street
New York, NY 10021
Tel: 646-846-1136
Email: lenoxhillsurgeons@gmail.com

Visit us online:
https://www.lenoxhillminimallyinvasivesurgery.com